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1.
Mult Scler Relat Disord ; 79: 105012, 2023 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37797392

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease affecting around 2.8 million people worldwide. Two-thirds are women, and the mean age at diagnosis is about 30 years old. Social trends are moving towards older age at first pregnancy, both in women with and without MS. OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequency of diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) through anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) measurement in women with MS at fertile age and Healthy Females (HF) in Chile. METHODS: Case-control, multicentric, cross-sectional study including relapsing-remitting people with MS (pwMS) between 18 and 40 years and sex and age-matched HF. We obtained a blood sample to determine AMH levels. We defined DOR as AMH <1.5 ng/mL and very-low AMH levels as <0.5 ng/mL. Also, we performed questions regarding reproductive decision-making. RESULTS: We included 79 sex and age-matched HF and 92 pwMS, median age 32(19-40) years, median disease duration 6 (1-17)years, median EDSS 1.0 (0-6), 95% were receiving disease-modifying therapy (DMT), 70% high-efficacy DMT and 37% with a treatment that contraindicates pregnancy. DOR was observed in 24% (n = 22) of the pwMS, compared to 14% (n = 11) of the HF (p = 0.09), while very-low AMH levels were observed in 7.6% (n = 7) of pwMS and none of the HF (p = 0.0166). We observed an inverse correlation between age and AMH levels. Age was the only significant risk factor for low AMH levels in pwMS (OR 1.14 95%CI(1.00-1-31), p = 0.04), including smoking, body mass index (BMI), hormonal contraception, autoimmune comorbidity, high/low-moderate efficacy DMT, and active disease as covariables. We did not find statistically significant differences in age at diagnosis, BMI, disease duration, EDSS, autoimmune comorbidity, use of hormonal contraception, or percentage of active disease between MS women with normal vs DOR. Over 70% of pwMS desired to become pregnant in the future, while 60% considered that the diagnosis of MS was a limitation for pregnancy planning. CONCLUSIONS: No differences in DOR, measured by levels of AMH, were observed between pwMS MS and HF in Chile. As expected, AMH levels were correlated only with ageing. This information may be evaluated early during the disease course to help patients and neurologists with fertility counselling and family planning considerations regarding DMT use.


Assuntos
Esclerose Múltipla , Reserva Ovariana , Gravidez , Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Masculino , Esclerose Múltipla/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Chile/epidemiologia , Envelhecimento
2.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 85(5): 433-441, 2020. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1508004

RESUMO

La sobrevida de pacientes con cáncer ha mejorado con el tiempo, especialmente en pacientes en edad fértil. La criopreservación de los ovocitos a través de la estimulación ovárica controlada (EOC) es la técnica más frecuente de preservación de la fertilidad. El objetivo del presente estudio es realizar un análisis descriptivo de los ciclos de pacientes que, previo al tratamiento de cáncer, realizaron un tratamiento de preservación de fertilidad. Se analizaron datos demográficos como edad, diagnóstico de ingreso y resultados clínicos, tales como tipo de protocolo de estimulación utilizado, número de ovocitos obtenidos, duración de la estimulación y momento de inicio en el ciclo. Resultados: La edad promedio fue 28.9 años. La duración media de la estimulación fue de 12 días, con un promedio de ovocitos obtenidos en total de 12. Se utilizaron 2 protocolos de estimulación ovárica, obteniendo mejores resultados con el esquema de antagonistas de GnRH asociado a letrozole y doble gatillante. Respecto al momento del ciclo en que se inició la estimulación ovárica, no hubo diferencias. Conclusiones: Es posible realizar preservación de la fertilidad previo a un tratamiento oncológico con buenos resultados en pacientes jóvenes, por lo que sugerimos realizarlo en todos los pacientes con diagnóstico oncológico antes el tratamiento del cáncer. Es recomendable comenzar la estimulación ovárica en cualquier fase del ciclo ya que se obtienen los mismos resultados y permite un pronto inicio de la terapia oncológica.


Survival of patients with cancer has been improving over time, especially in young patient with fertility intention. Cryopreservation of oocytes through controlled ovarian stimulation (EOC) is the most frequent technique of fertility preservation. We analyzed the data obtained from oncological patients who attended IVI Chile between January 2008 and May 2017 in search of fertility preservation. Demographic data were obtained: age, diagnosis of admission, type of stimulation protocol used, number of oocytes obtained, duration of stimulation and pregnancy rate. Results: The average age: 28,9 years; average duration of stimulation:12 days. Number of oocytes obtained in total: 12. Two ovarian stimulation protocols were used. The one with the best results was the protocol with GnRH antagonists associated with letrozole and double triggering. Regarding the moment of the cycle where to start ovarian stimulation, there were no differences. Conclusions: It is possible to carry out a fertility preservation treatment prior to an oncological treatment with good results in young patients, so we suggest the preservation of fertility in all patients with an oncological diagnosis before oncological treatment. It is recommended to start ovarian stimulation at any phase of the cycle since the same results are obtained.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Oócitos/fisiologia , Indução da Ovulação/métodos , Vitrificação , Preservação da Fertilidade/métodos , Neoplasias , Criopreservação/métodos , Medicina Reprodutiva
3.
Ann Surg Treat Res ; 95(1): 1-6, 2018 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29963533

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Nosocomial infections account for one of the most serious complications in hospitalized patients around the world. Surgical site infections have significant economic implications, and surgical antisepsis plays an important role in such processes. METHODS: With prior approval by the Institutional Review Board and informed consent, 10 volunteers were randomly assigned to 3 protocols on hand antisepsis: protocol A (chloroxylenol 3%), protocol B (benzalkonium chloride at 1%), and protocol C (ethyl alcohol 61%, 1% chlorhexidine gluconate). Smears from both hands were cultured after each hand pro tocol (t0) and at the end of suturing (t1). Colony forming units were counted (CFUs on blood agar dishes) with digital counting software (Open CFU). Friedman test was used to compare the mean values among the groups, and a Bonferroni correction was made to determine the dissimilar group, with a P = 0.015. RESULTS: At t0 for protocol A the CFU count was 82.8 ± 1.3; protocol B was 9.7 ± 30; protocol C was 0.1 ± 0.3 (P < 0.001). At t1 for protocol A the CFU was 80.7 ± 89.4; protocol B was 7.5 ± 32; protocol C was 0.0 ± 0.0 (P < 0.001). No adverse events were present among the subjects. CONCLUSION: Ethyl alcohol at 61% with 1% chlorhexidine gluconate showed higher efficacy than the traditional washing antiseptics.

4.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab ; 90(7): 4399-404, 2005 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15797956

RESUMO

CONTEXT: The impact of advancing age on uterine receptiveness has always been a concern of the medical establishment. Oocyte donation (OD) is the perfect model for ascertaining the extent of this relationship, but the literature is somewhat unreliable, mainly due to the limited samples on which the studies are based and insufficient control of important variables such as embryo quality. SETTING: The present work was developed in a private infertility clinic. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: We retrospectively evaluate the results of 3089 OD cycles that ended up in a d 3 embryo transfer. Severe male factor infertility was an exclusion criterion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The impact of patients' age on pregnancy, implantation, and miscarriage rates and obstetric outcome is analyzed, as is the relevance of endometrial thickness, serum estradiol levels, and duration of exogenous estrogen therapy to said rates. RESULTS: Pregnancy and implantation rates are significantly reduced and miscarriage rate is significantly increased from 45 yr of age onward. Concerning obstetric outcome, incidences of hypertension, proteinuria, premature rupture of membranes, second- and third-trimester hemorrhage, and preterm delivery are higher and mean birth weight is lower in this age group. With regard to endometrial preparation, estrogen therapy lasting more than 7 wk is associated with reduced PR and IR (P = 0.01 and P = 0.02, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The results of OD cycles and obstetric outcome are significantly worse when recipients are 45 yr of age or older. Concerning endometrial preparation, results are significantly worse when estrogen therapy lasts more than 7 wk.


Assuntos
Idade Materna , Doação de Oócitos , Taxa de Gravidez , Aborto Espontâneo/epidemiologia , Adulto , Implantação do Embrião , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Gravidez , Estudos Retrospectivos
6.
Rev. chil. cir ; 49(2): 153-6, abr. 1997. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-202683

RESUMO

El envejecimiento de la población determina, cada vez con mayor frecuencia, el enfrentamiento de pacientes de edad avanzada al problema de la litiasis biliar. El objetivo de esta comunicación es analizar la forma de presentación, diagnóstico y resultados del tratamiento de la coletitiasis en pacientes de 75 o más años de edad, atendidos entre junio 1992 y mayo 1995. La serie está constituida por 115 pacientes. En el 82,6 por ciento existía patología asociada, siendo catalogada con riesgo ASA II, III y IV el 59,1 por ciento, 20 por ciento y 3,5 por ciento respectivamente. Un 65,2 por ciento ingresó de urgencia, con ictericia y/o coluria (28,7 por ciento), fiebre (18,3 por ciento) y masa palpable (30,9 por ciento). La colecistectomía fue laparoscópica en 32 pacientes, con un 18,75 por ciento de conversión y los 83 restantes fueron operados en forma clásica (72,2 por ciento). La evolución postoperatoria cursó sin complicaciones en el 80 por ciento y la morbilidad más frecuente estuvo dada por infección de herida (4,3 por ciento), infección respiratoria (2,6 por ciento) e infarto del miocardio (1,7 por ciento). La mortalidad global fue de dos pacientes (1,8 por ciento). En suma, los pacientes de más de 75 años con litiasis biliar tienen historia previa y frecuentemente ingresan de urgencia por cuadros agudos. Tienen una alta incidencia de coledocolitiasis y la morbi-mortalidad operatoria es mayor que en la población general


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Colelitíase , Colecistectomia/estatística & dados numéricos , Colelitíase/cirurgia , Colecistectomia Laparoscópica/estatística & dados numéricos
7.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 14(4): 203-8, oct.-dic. 1995. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-175057

RESUMO

La hipertrofia ventricular izquierda (HVI) es un factor de riesgo cardiovascular importante, frecuentemente asociado a hipertensión arterial (HTA). Su regresión en estos paciem¿ntes podría asociarse a beneficios en la historia natural de la enfermedad hipertensiva, lo que pareciera depender en alguna medida del control de las cifras de presión arterial. La eficacia en inducir regresión de HVI en seres humanos pudiera ser diferente según el tipo de fármaco antihipertensivo. Hemos evaluado la hipótesis de isradipino, un antagonista del calcio con marcada selectividad vascular, en dosis normotensantes induce regresión de HVI en nuestros pacientes hipertensos que presentan HVI. 19 pacientes (edad promedio 59 años, 9 mujeres) con HTA esencial e HVI (séptum + pared posterior VIò 23 mm) comenzaron a ser tratados con isradipino (Dynacirc SROr) y 18 pacientes completaron 12 meses con una sola dosis diaria matinal normotensante (promedio final 16,4 ñ 3,3 mg/día). En 7 pacientes se complementó con una dosis baja de hidroclorotiazida y triamterene con objeto de mantener cifras tensionales normales. Se realizó ecocardiograma basal, a los 3, 6 y 12 meses de tratamiento, midiéndose séptum VI (sp,mm), pared posterior de VI (pp,mm) y dimensión diastólica (DD,mm), con lo que se calculó la masa ventricular VI. Además de la normotensión mantenida se observó una disminución significativa, a contar del tercer mes de tratamiento de los grosores del sp,pp y diámetros de la cavidad VI, así como de la masa VI, la que alcanzó a los 12 meses un 81 por ciento de la masa inicial del VI. No hubo modificaciones de la función ventricular ni de la frecuencia cardíaca. Tampoco se modificó la función renal. En conclusión, estos resultados demuestran que isradipino, en una sola dosis diaria normotensante, es capaz de inducir regresión significativa de HVI en pacientes con HTA. Esta regresión está dad por disminución tanto del grosor de las paredes como de las dimensiones del VI y comenzó a observarse desde los 3 meses de tratamiento


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hipertensão/complicações , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/tratamento farmacológico , Isradipino/farmacologia , Ecocardiografia , Frequência Cardíaca , Função Ventricular Esquerda , Hidroclorotiazida/administração & dosagem , Hidroclorotiazida/farmacologia , Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda/etiologia , Isradipino/administração & dosagem , Plasma/metabolismo , Plasma/fisiologia , Pressão Sanguínea , Estimulação Química , Resultado do Tratamento
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